News Center

Nigeria updates trade policy roadmap


According to Business Day, the Nigerian Office for Trade Negotiations (NOTN) on Tuesday released the 2020 edition of the “Nigeria Policy Roadmap.” This roadmap aims to provide coordinated planning for promoting Nigeria's trade growth, enable Nigeria to fully benefit from the African Continental Free Trade Area, ensure the effective functioning of Nigeria’s trade negotiation mechanism, and coordinate other relevant government agencies to maintain trade policy consistency for optimal results. Victor Liman, the acting Chief Trade Negotiator and Director-General of the Nigerian Office for Trade Negotiations, stated that the current trade policy was reviewed in 2002 and may no longer be applicable. The new roadmap will further ensure a proper link between trade policy and industrial policy, provide a well-structured policy framework for export diversification and sustainable trade growth and development, and enhance Nigeria's competitiveness. The goal is to increase trade's share of GDP to 50% by 2023, raise the share of labor employed in trade-related sectors to 28%, and make Nigeria one of the world's top 15 economies by 2025. The new roadmap requires the government to create a favorable development environment for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) to grow within supply chains and gain competitive advantages in domestic and international markets. The new roadmap also further focuses on standardization efforts, which Liman stated will give Nigeria significant competitive benefits in the African market through market access.

Impact of the epidemic, long-term still positive: Outlook for Chinese enterprises in the fields of electricity and infrastructure in Africa in 2020


近十几年来,中国对非投资增长迅速。2003年以来,中国对非投资流量平均年增长超过45%。2017年,中国对非洲直接投资流量达31亿美元,是2003年的近40倍。中国投资几乎遍布非洲每一个国家。截至2018年年底,中国在非洲设立的各类企业超过了3700家,对非全行业直接投资存量达461亿美元,是2000年的70倍。 突如其来的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情给中非投资带来了冲击。标准银行集团认为,疫情的确会对非洲电力和基础设施建设产生短期影响。虽然具体冲击的深度和广度还有待观察,但它并不会改变非洲基础设施的根本需求,巨大的需求缺口决定中国企业在非洲仍然大有可为。 1、疫情不会改变长期中非投资的长期走向 目前,中资企业参与建设的电力和基建项目大多正常运营,疫情对施工进度的影响尚不明显。 特别要注意的是,随着疫情对经济的影响不断加深,非洲各国的货币波动将大幅增加。 但疫情并不会改变中企对非洲投资快速增长的长期趋势。 中国企业对非投资快速增长是由多方面因素决定的。 一是中非所处发展阶段不同。非洲加快工业化进程与中国的资本、技术“走出去”需求契合,合作共赢的机遇巨大。 二是中非关系持续升温,高层交往和顶层设计为中非投资合作提供了良好的环境。 三是“一带一路”建设向纵深发展,基础设施完善、贸易和人员往来密切催热了中非投资合作。 2、非洲的基础设施建设市场仍然广阔 标准银行集团认为,非洲基础设施建设仍然有机遇广阔,投资缺口巨大。绝大多数非洲国家的政府都把发展基础设施作为执政的重要目标,越来越多的非洲国家认识到要自给自足的重要性,大力推进工业化进程,而基础设施建设作为工业化的前提和重要基础成为诸多非洲国家吸引外资,进行支持的重点。即便是非洲最发达的南非也在呼吁“向东看”,吸引更多的中国投资。 G20旗下全球基础设施中心发布的报告《全球基础设施展望:非洲协议国的基础设施投资需求》指出,到2030年,G20非洲十国在饮用水、卫生设施和电力基础设施上的投资须累计达到6210亿美元,才能实现相应的联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs),缺口高达4150亿美元。(注:2017年3月,G20财长和央行行长会议批准“非洲协议”,鼓励私人部门在非洲的投资,其中包括基础建设投资。非洲协议十国包括: 摩洛哥、突尼斯、埃及、埃塞俄比亚、塞内加尔、几内亚、科特迪瓦、加纳、贝宁、卢旺达) 如果要保持经济增长,不断缩小基础设施的差距,那么到2040年,这十个非洲国家需要累计2.4万亿美元投资能源、通讯、机场、港口、铁路、公路和水基础设施等,缺口达1万亿美元。 放眼整个非洲,根据目前的趋势预测,至2040年,非洲的基建总投资为4.3万亿美元,即每年1740亿美元。如果非洲经济体希望提高成绩,总投资需求将达到6.0万亿美元,即每年2400亿美元,差距将近40%。 伴随中国企业从单纯投资转向深度扎根,投资意愿更加主动积极,适应和满足非洲投资需求变化能力的增强,中国企业将可以在各细分领域将呈现出更大范围、更高水平的格局。 3、电力与交通仍然是基础设施的重点 在巨大的基础设施需求中,电力仍然是重中之重。自2007年以来,非洲约有38%的基础设施投资用于电力行业,其中20%用于水电。虽然非洲投资电力的比例与世界平均水平相当,但投资于水利基础设施的投资比例是世界平均水平的两倍以上。在当前的趋势下,2016至2040年期间,电力将获得约1.6万亿美元的投资。 非洲发展清洁能源可谓得天独厚,也有望通过清洁能源建设实现电力的自给自足。其水利、风能、太阳能分别占地球总量的10%、32%、40%,拥有巨大的开发潜力。 预计到2050年,非洲每年可提供清洁能源电力3.3万亿千瓦时,减排二氧化碳28亿吨,洲内跨国电力贸易规模将超过5000亿千瓦时,整个非洲能源网络的投资规模将超过7万亿美元。目前,中非在该领域合作势头很好,相信更多中国企业、设备、技术、设计和标准将在非洲清洁能源建设中大显身手。 另外不能忽略非洲对于交通的巨大投资缺口。非洲在运输部门投入的投资比例低于世界平均水平(2007至2015年占27%,而世界平均水平为45%)。对于仅占非洲基础设施投资的3%的铁路而言,这一差距尤其突出(世界平均水平为12%)。在公路投资上,当前趋势与投资需求之间的缺口最大,预测投资需求几乎是目前趋势的两倍。 总之,未来几年,投资机会的重点会优先体现在在电力、水、通讯基础设施、公路、港口、铁路、机场等领域。 4、活用公私合作模式 政府公共资金仍是撒哈拉以南非洲基建资金的主要来源,每年450亿美元左右的基建投资中,有一半多由政府提供。但按照全球标准来衡量,撒哈拉以南非洲政府在基建上的支出力度还远远不够。 目前,南非、安哥拉、赞比亚、博茨瓦纳、肯尼亚、乌干达、尼日利亚、加纳、莫桑比克等国都在积极探索公私合营模式(PPP)。 PPP在撒哈拉以南非洲基建市场虽然比例不高,但却是改善非洲基础设施建设的有效方案,也是中资企业投资的有效模式,由私人投资者和商业银行提供资金修建独立发电厂(IPP)在许多非洲国家已经十分普遍,南非、肯尼亚等国家发展尤为积极。 PPP的潜力能否充分释放,取决于政府是否能够提供有力支持、有效合作和积极参与。对于不太发达的非洲国家来说,政府特别需要提供“配套基础设施”来激励私有投资者,这些配套措施包括,法律和税收框架、能降低成本的关税政策,以及其他直接或者间接的政府支持等等。 5、应对潜在挑战的六条建议 除了机遇,中企在非洲也需要了解地缘政治、政府政策、法律、税务、外汇、本土化等潜在挑战。以下六条建议可以参考: 第一,充分了解当地国别情况、外汇变动情况、市场竞争情况、法律和税务体系、政府政策和其他宏观方面情况。 第二,对于已经有多年非洲运营经验的企业,最好是选择在已经经营多年的市场进行投资试点。对于新进入非洲的企业,最好是选择和有本土化经验的中资企业强强联合。 第三,寻找靠谱的项目和合作方。 第四,投资自己擅长的业务领域。 第五,培养专业的投融资团队和国际化人才队伍。 第六,广泛和非洲有实力的金融机构、法律、税务、保险等机构建立合作,听取专业团队的专业意见。 来源:标银集团

All core components of Beidou-3 are domestically produced.


Visitors view a model of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System. Photo by Ju Huanzong, Xinhua News Agency A large light vessel using the BeiDou beacon remote monitoring and control device in the Dangan waterway of the Pearl River Estuary. Photo by Tian Jianchuan, Xinhua News Agency Recently, the BeiDou-3 Global Navigation Satellite System was officially launched, marking the successful completion of the BeiDou "three-step" development strategy and the entry of BeiDou into a new era of global service. A press conference was held by the State Council Information Office on August 3, inviting relevant experts to introduce the completion and launch of the BeiDou-3 Global Navigation Satellite System. What's so great about BeiDou-3? The construction of BeiDou-3 started in November 2009. Over the past 10 years, the project has gone through five stages: key technology research, experimental satellite project, minimal system, basic system, and complete system. It completed the global constellation deployment half a year ahead of schedule and launched the full system service. Completion means launch, and launch means service. Ran Chengqi, director of the China Satellite Navigation System Management Office and spokesperson for the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, introduced several highlights of the project. First, key core technologies were conquered, achieving independent control. It is understood that more than 400 units and more than 300,000 scientific and technological personnel have jointly tackled key core technologies such as inter-satellite links and high-precision atomic clocks, breaking through the research and development of more than 500 types of domestically produced components, achieving a 100% domestic rate of core components for BeiDou-3 satellites. Second, the national system advantage was leveraged to efficiently complete the network. Strengthening centralized and unified leadership, strengthening the overall project and two general research and development teams, using overall, technical, quality, and progress as standards, innovating the research and development and construction system, the single-star research and development cycle is shortened by one-fourth, the launch vehicle assembly cycle is shortened by one-third, and the satellite networking cycle is shortened by three-fourths. A risk analysis and control guarantee chain has been established to ensure that there are no hidden dangers or doubts before launch. At the same time, the system has powerful functions. BeiDou-3 has two major functions: navigation and positioning, and communication and data transmission. It can provide seven types of services: positioning, navigation, timing, global short message communication, regional short message communication, international search and rescue, satellite-based augmentation, ground-based augmentation, and precise single-point positioning. It is a powerful global navigation satellite system. The interface control documents released by the BeiDou system cover all seven types of services. In addition, the performance indicators are advanced. The global positioning accuracy is better than 10 meters, the speed measurement accuracy is better than 0.2 meters/second, the timing accuracy is better than 20 nanoseconds, and the service availability is better than 99%, with better performance in the Asia-Pacific region. BeiDou applications have great potential The two characteristic services of the BeiDou system are short message service and high-precision application. Currently, the short message service of BeiDou-3 has been upgraded to 14,000 bits (1,000 Chinese characters) per time, and can transmit images and send voice. With the help of global inter-satellite links, global short messages have been realized. At the same time, relying on the BeiDou system, a high-precision augmentation network has been built on the ground, with nearly 3,000 ground stations in China, with the highest accuracy capable of real-time processing to the centimeter level, and post-processing to the millimeter level. Ran Chengqi introduced that the BeiDou system has comprehensively served transportation, public security, disaster relief, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, and has been integrated into the construction of national core infrastructure such as electricity, finance, and communication. "28nm process chips have been mass-produced, and 22nm process chips are about to be mass-produced. Most smartphones support BeiDou functions, and smartphones supporting BeiDou ground-based enhanced high-precision applications have been launched." Ran Chengqi said that a complete industrial chain integrating chips, modules, boards, terminals, and operational services has been built. In the past 10 years, the total output value of China's satellite navigation and location service industry has grown by more than 20% annually, reaching 345 billion yuan in 2019 and is expected to exceed 400 billion yuan in 2020. BeiDou has been applied in China-Europe freight train transportation, construction and operation of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway, civil aviation, etc. High-precision services based on BeiDou have played a positive role in combating the COVID-19 epidemic and the southern floods, and are accelerating into new infrastructure, deeply integrating with new technologies such as new generation communication, blockchain, Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence. New models, new formats, and new economies of BeiDou applications are constantly emerging. Internationally, BeiDou is one of the four globally recognized satellite navigation systems by the United Nations, and the compatibility and interoperability and inter-system cooperation with the satellite navigation systems of the United States, Russia, and the European Union are continuously deepening. It has also successively entered several international organizations such as civil aviation, maritime, search and rescue satellites, and mobile communications, and several international standards supporting BeiDou have been released. Currently, BeiDou-related products have been exported to more than 120 countries and regions, providing services to more than 100 million users. What's next for the BeiDou system? Ran Chengqi introduced, "After the completion of BeiDou-3, we have already started the construction and development of the next generation of BeiDou." Application is the starting point and the focus of the construction of the BeiDou system. Chips—"China Chip"—are of course the most core part of the system. Now all links in the BeiDou industrial chain have been fully connected, and chips, boards, and antennas have been mass-produced. The government should continue to create a good environment and provide good policies to encourage Chinese enterprises to make the BeiDou industrial chain more perfect. "By 2035, we will build a more ubiquitous, more integrated, and more intelligent national integrated positioning, navigation, and timing system to provide core support for future intelligent and unmanned development, continuously promote system upgrades and replacements, integrate new generation communication, low-orbit augmentation and other emerging technologies, vigorously develop quantum navigation, all-source navigation and other new quality capabilities, and build a time-space information service infrastructure covering sky, land, and sea, with unified benchmarks, high precision, high intelligence, high security, and high efficiency." Ran Chengqi said. (Reporter Liu Shiyao) People's Daily Overseas Edition (August 4, 2020, Page 2)

< 1...111213...34 > proceed page